Top 6 Liver Diseases and Their Causes
The liver, one of the most vital organs in the human body, is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, digestion, and the production of essential proteins. However, due to lifestyle factors, infections, and genetic predispositions, the liver is susceptible to several diseases that can significantly impact health. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial, and innovations like the Fibroscan Liver Test in Noida help detect liver damage without invasive procedures.
In this blog, Dr. Manish Kumar Gupta – Top Gastroenterologist in Noida and lead consultant at Gastro, Liver & Endoscopy Center – highlights the top 6 liver diseases, their causes, and the importance of timely intervention.
1. Fatty Liver Disease (Hepatic Steatosis):
Causes:
Fatty Liver Disease is characterized by the accumulation of fat in the liver cells. There are two major types:
- Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Common among obese individuals, people with diabetes, and those with high cholesterol.
- Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (AFLD): Caused by excessive alcohol consumption.
Other contributing factors:
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Poor dietary habits
- Rapid weight loss
- Certain medications (e.g., corticosteroids)
Why It Matters:
Fatty liver is often asymptomatic in early stages but can progress to liver inflammation, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even liver cancer. A Fibroscan Liver Test in Noida helps detect fat accumulation and liver stiffness at an early stage.
2. Hepatitis (A, B, C, D, and E):
Causes:
Hepatitis refers to inflammation of the liver, often caused by viral infections:
- Hepatitis A & E: Transmitted through contaminated food and water
- Hepatitis B, C & D: Spread via infected blood, sexual contact, or from mother to child
Other risk factors:
- Needle sharing
- Blood transfusions (pre-screening era)
- Tattooing with unsterile equipment
Why It Matters:
Chronic hepatitis, particularly types B and C, can lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Vaccines are available for types A and B.
3. Liver Cirrhosis:
Causes:
Cirrhosis is the advanced scarring of the liver caused by long-term damage. Common causes include:
- Chronic alcohol abuse
- Chronic viral hepatitis (especially B and C)
- Fatty liver disease
- Genetic disorders like hemochromatosis or Wilson’s disease
Why It Matters:
Cirrhosis affects liver function and can lead to life-threatening complications such as:
- Liver failure
- Internal bleeding
- Portal hypertension
- Liver cancer
Monitoring with tools like Fibroscan Liver Test in Noida is crucial to track disease progression.
4. Liver Cancer (Hepatocellular Carcinoma):
Causes:
Liver cancer often develops in the backdrop of chronic liver disease, especially cirrhosis. Risk factors include:
- Chronic hepatitis B or C infections
- Long-standing alcohol abuse
- Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)
- Aflatoxin exposure from contaminated food
Why It Matters:
Early stages may not present symptoms, making screening important for high-risk individuals. Dr. Manish Kumar Gupta, recognized as a Top Gastroenterologist in Noida Extension, emphasizes routine imaging and liver function tests for those at risk.
5. Hemochromatosis:
Causes:
Hemochromatosis is a genetic disorder causing excessive iron absorption from the diet, leading to iron overload in the liver and other organs.
Risk factors:
- Family history of the condition
- Northern European ancestry
Why It Matters:
Excess iron can damage the liver and cause:
- Liver enlargement
- Cirrhosis
- Liver cancer
- Diabetes and heart issues
Treatment often includes phlebotomy (removing blood) and dietary adjustments.
6. Wilson’s Disease:
Causes:
This is a rare inherited disorder causing excessive copper buildup in the liver, brain, and other vital organs.
Symptoms typically begin between ages 5 and 35 and may include:
- Jaundice
- Tremors
- Behavioral changes
- Hepatitis-like symptoms
Why It Matters:
If not diagnosed early, Wilson’s Disease can lead to severe liver and neurological damage. Treatment includes lifelong medication and sometimes liver transplantation in advanced cases.
The Role of Fibroscan and Early Diagnosis:
Early detection is the key to managing liver diseases effectively. The Fibroscan Liver Test in Noida, available at Gastro, Liver & Endoscopy Center, is a painless, non-invasive test that measures liver stiffness (a sign of fibrosis) and fat accumulation. It is particularly useful in:
- Monitoring NAFLD/NASH
- Assessing fibrosis in chronic hepatitis
- Screening for cirrhosis
With expert guidance from Dr. Manish Kumar Gupta, considered among the Top Gastroenterologists in Delhi and Best Gastro Doctors in Noida, patients can manage liver health proactively.
FAQs:
1. What are the early signs of liver disease?
Common early signs include fatigue, loss of appetite, mild jaundice, and abdominal discomfort. Many liver diseases remain asymptomatic in early stages, hence regular check-ups are vital.
2. Is fatty liver reversible?
Yes. Especially in early stages, lifestyle changes like diet control, regular exercise, weight loss, and avoiding alcohol can reverse fatty liver.
3. How is liver damage diagnosed?
Liver damage is diagnosed through blood tests (LFTs), imaging (ultrasound, MRI), and Fibroscan Liver Test in Noida to assess liver stiffness and fat content.
4. What foods are good for liver health?
Leafy greens, berries, garlic, turmeric, fatty fish, and coffee (in moderation) are known to support liver function. Avoid alcohol, processed foods, and excess sugar.
5. Can hepatitis be cured?
Hepatitis A and E usually resolve on their own. Hepatitis B and C can be managed or cured with antiviral medications, especially if diagnosed early.
6. Who should get a Fibroscan test?
Anyone with risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, long-term alcohol use, or chronic hepatitis should consider a Fibroscan test.
7. Is liver cancer curable?
Early-stage liver cancer can be treated with surgery, ablation, or liver transplantation. Advanced stages require systemic therapy or targeted treatment.
8. What is the link between alcohol and liver disease?
Chronic alcohol use is a major cause of fatty liver, hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Reducing or eliminating alcohol can significantly improve liver health.
9. How often should liver health be checked?
People with risk factors should undergo liver function tests annually. High-risk patients should also have regular imaging or Fibroscan assessments.
10. What makes Gastro, Liver & Endoscopy Center a trusted choice for liver care?
Led by Dr. Manish Kumar Gupta, one of the Top Gastroenterologists in Noida and Delhi, the center offers state-of-the-art diagnostics, personalized care plans, and advanced treatments including endoscopic procedures and liver fibrosis evaluations.